Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) often don’t cause symptoms until they rupture, which can be life-threatening. However, if symptoms do occur before a rupture, they may include:
- Pulsating Abdominal Mass: A prominent, pulsating mass may be felt in the abdomen, especially in slim individuals. This is often a sign of an enlarged aorta.
- Abdominal or Back Pain: Some people with AAA experience persistent or intermittent pain in the abdomen, lower back, or sides. The pain can vary in intensity and may be dull, sharp, or throbbing.
- Tenderness or Discomfort: There might be tenderness or discomfort in the abdomen, particularly near the site of the aneurysm.
- Gastrointestinal Symptoms: AAA can sometimes cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, or feeling full quickly after eating.
- Low Back Pain: AAA can sometimes cause referred pain to the lower back or buttocks, mimicking symptoms of sciatica or other spinal conditions.
- Peripheral Symptoms: In some cases, AAA can lead to symptoms in the legs or feet, such as numbness, tingling, weakness, or coldness, due to reduced blood flow.
- Rupture Symptoms: If an AAA ruptures, it can cause sudden, severe abdominal or back pain, often described as a tearing or ripping sensation. Rupture is a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment.
It’s important to note that AAA may not cause any symptoms until it becomes large or ruptures. Therefore, routine screening is recommended for individuals at risk, such as older adults, especially men, smokers, and those with a family history of AAA. Screening typically involves an ultrasound examination of the abdomen to detect and monitor the size of the aneurysm. Early detection and monitoring can help prevent complications and improve outcomes.